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An ambigram is a word, talent or other symbolic representation whose elements retain so this means when interpreted or looked at from a different way, point of view, or orientation.
The meaning of the ambigram may either change, or continue to be the same, when interpreted or looked at from different perspectives.
Douglas R. Hofstadter describes an ambigram as a "calligraphic design that handles to press two different readings into the selfsame set of curves." Different ambigram artists (sometimes called ambigramists) may create very different ambigrams from the same word or words, differing in both form and style.
Discovery and popularity
The initial known non-natural ambigram dates to 1893 by musician Peter Newell. Although better known for his children's catalogs and illustrations for Symbol Twain and Lewis Carroll, he printed two catalogs of invertible illustrations, in which the picture turns into a different image completely when turned upside down. The last page in his book Topsys & Turvys contains the phrase THE END, which, when inverted, reads PUZZLE. In Topsys & Turvys #2 2 (1902), Newell ended with a variant on the ambigram in which THE END changes into PUZZLE 2.
The Verbeek remove "The UpsideDowns of old man Muffaroo and little woman Lovekins" used ambigrams in 3 consecutive whitening strips in March,1904, but usually the format of the strip prevented the utilization of word balloons.
From to September June, 1908, the United kingdom regular monthly The Strand published some ambigrams by different people in its "Curiosities" column. Of particular interest is the fact that four of folks submitting ambigrams assumed them to be a exceptional property of particular words. Mitchell T. Lavin, whose "chump" was released in June, published, "I believe it is in the only term in the English language which includes this peculiarity," while Clarence Williams composed, about his "Choice" ambigram, "Possibly B is the sole notice of the alphabet that will produce this interesting anomaly."
In 1969, Raymond Loewy designed the rotational NEW MAN ambigram custom logo, which is still in use today. The mirror ambigram DeLorean Motor Logo design was first found in 1975.
John Langdon and Scott Kim also each presumed that they had developed ambigrams in the 1970s. Langdon and Kim are probably the two artists who've been most in charge of the popularization of ambigrams. John Langdon produced the first reflection image brand "Starship" in 1975. Robert Petrick, who designed the invertible Angel logo design in 1976, was also an early on affect on ambigrams.
The initial known published mention of the term ambigram was by Hofstadter, who attributed the origin of the word to conversations among a small group of friends during 1983-1984. The initial 1979 edition of Hofstadter's G?del, Escher, Bach featured two 3-D ambigrams on the cover.
Ambigrams became popular because of this of Dan Brown incorporating John Langdon's designs into the plot of his bestseller, Angels & Demons, and the DVD release of the Angels & Demons movie is made up of a bonus section called "That is an Ambigram". Langdon also produced the ambigram that was used for a few editions of the book's cover. Brown used the real name Robert Langdon for the hero in his novels as an homage to John Langdon.
In music, the Grateful Dead have used ambigrams many times, including on their albums Aoxomoxoa and North american Beauty.
Inside the first group of the British isles show Treat or Trick, the show's web host and inventor Derren Brown uses cards with rotational ambigrams. These cards can read either 'Technique' or 'Treat'.
Although the words spelled by most ambigrams are brief in length relatively, one Dvd and blu-ray cover for The Princess Bride-to-be movie creates a rotational ambigram out of two words: "Princess Bride-to-be," whether looked at right part up or ugly.
The Transformers movie series have logos that are a robot face whether seen right part up or ugly. You can find two such logos, one for an Autobot, and one for a Decepticon.
In 2015 iSmart's logo on one of its travel chargers gone viral because upside-down it read "+Jews!" The ongoing company mentioned that "...we learned a robust lessons of what never to do when making a logo."
Types of Ambigram
Ambigrams are exercises in graphic design that play with optical illusions, symmetry and aesthetic perception. Some ambigrams include a marriage between their form and their content. Ambigrams usually fall into one of the categories:
3-Dimensional
- A design where an thing is provided that will appear to read several characters or words when viewed from different angles. Such designs can be made using constructive stable geometry.
Chain
- A design where a expression (or sometimes words) are interlinked, forming a repeating chain. Characters are usually overlapped and therefore a expression begins partway through another expressed term. Sometimes chain ambigrams are presented by means of a circle.
Dihedral
- A natural mirror-image ambigram comprising numerical digits.
Figure-ground
- A design in which the areas between the letters of one phrase form another expressed word.
Fractal
- A version of space-filling ambigrams where in fact the tiled phrase branches from itself and then shrinks in a self-similar manner, forming a fractal. See Scott Kim's fractal of the word "TREE" for an animated example.
Mirror-image
- A design that can be read when mirrored in a reflection, as the same phrase or expression both ways usually. Ambigrams that form different words when viewed in the mirror are also known as glass door ambigrams, because they can be imprinted on the wine glass door to be read differently when exiting or entering.
Multi-Lingual
- An ambigram that can be read one of the ways in one terminology and another way in a new language. Multi-lingual ambigrams can exist in every of the various styles of ambigrams, with multi-lingual perceptual shift ambigrams being particularly striking.
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